Chlorogenic acid health benefit
Chlorogenic acid is a common dietary polyphenol found in many plants including certain fruits, green tea and green coffee bean. Chlorogenic acids are major secondary metabolites found in coffee seeds. Chlorogenic acid has a metabolite called m-coumaric acid.
Chlorogenic acid in green coffee
Chlorogenic acids from green coffee extract are highly bioavailable in humans.
J Nutr. 2008; Farah A, Monteiro M, Donangelo CM. Departamento
de Bioquímica, Laboratório de Bioquímica Nutricional e de Alimentos, Instituto
de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Ilha do Fundão, RJ, Brazil.
Chlorogenic acids are cinnamic acid derivatives with biological effects mostly
related to their antioxidant and antiinflammatory activities. Caffeoylquinic
acids (CQA) and dicaffeoylquinic acids (diCQA) are the main ones
found in nature. Because green coffee is a major source of chlorogenic acids, it
has been used for production of nutraceuticals. Our study shows that the major
chlorogenic acids compounds present in green coffee are highly absorbed and
metabolized in humans.
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Green tea extract offers a convenient way to get the benefits of green
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Chlorogenic acid for weight loss
The effect of chlorogenic acid enriched coffee on glucose absorption in
healthy volunteers and its effect on body mass when used long-term in overweight
and obese people.
J Int Med Res. 2007. Thom E. ETC Research and Development, Oslo, Norway.
The results from a clinical study performed in 12 healthy volunteers with
different coffee products containing glucose show that instant coffee enriched
with chlorogenic acid induced a reduction in the absorption of glucose of 6.9%
compared with control. No such effects were seen with normal or decaffeinated
instant coffee. In a second, comparative, randomized, double-blind, 12-week
study we investigated the effect on the body mass of 30 overweight people,
compared with normal instant coffee. The average losses in mass in the chlorogenic acid enriched and normal instant coffee groups were 5.4 and 1.7 kg,
respectively. We conclude that chlorogenic acid enriched instant coffee appears
to have a significant effect on the absorption and utilization of glucose from
the diet. This effect, if the coffee is used for an extended time, may result in
reduced body mass and body fat when compared with the use of normal instant
coffee.
Chlorogenic acid protects against
radiation
Radioprotective effects of chlorogenic acid against mortality induced by
g-irradiation in mice.
Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol. 2008. Hosseinimehr SJ, Zakaryaee V,
Ahmadi A, Akhlaghpoor S. Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy,
Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
The radioprotective effects of the naturally occurring compound chlorogenic acid
have been investigated against mortality induced by gamma-irradiation in mice.
Chlorogenic acid was administrated at single doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg 1
or 24 h prior to lethal dose of gamma-irradiation (8.5 Gy). Chlorogenic acid
exhibited concentration-dependent activity on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free
radical to show strong antioxidant activity. It appeared that chlorogenic acid
with antioxidant activity reduced mortality induced by gamma-irradiation.
Chlorogenic acid raw herb and
material suppliers
Chlorogenic acid is sold at 20 percent, 30 percent and 98 percent concentration.
Chemistry
Chlorogenic acid is the ester formed between certain trans cinnamic acid and
(L)-quinic acid.
Coffee consumption
Metabolite profiling of hydroxycinnamate derivatives in plasma and urine after
the ingestion of coffee by humans: identification of biomarkers of coffee
consumption.
Drug Metab Dispos. 2009. Plant Products and Human
Nutrition Group, Division of Environmental and Evolutionary Biology, Faculty of
Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
Human subjects drank coffee containing 412 mumol of chlorogenic acids, and
plasma and urine were collected 0 to 24 h after ingestion and were analyzed by
high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Within 1 h, some of
the components in the coffee reached nanomole peak plasma concentrations (C(max)),
whereas chlorogenic acid metabolites, including caffeic acid-3-O-sulfate and
ferulic acid-4-O-sulfate and sulfates of 3- and 4-caffeoylquinic acid lactones,
had higher C(max) values. In contrast, dihydroferulic acid, its 4-O-sulfate, and dihydrocaffeic acid-3-O-sulfate
exhibited much higher C(max) values (145-385 nM) with T(max) values in excess of
4 h, indicating absorption in the large intestine and the probable involvement
of catabolism by colonic bacteria. These three compounds, along with ferulic
acid-4-O-sulfate and dihydroferulic acid-4-O-glucuronide, were also major
components to be excreted in urine (8.4-37.1 mumol) after coffee intake.
Feruloylglycine, which is not detected in plasma, was also a major urinary
component. Other compounds, not accumulating in plasma but
excreted in smaller quantities, included the 3-O-sulfate and 3-O-glucuronide of isoferulic acid, dihydro(iso)ferulic acid-3-O-glucuronide, and dihydrocaffeic
acid-3-O-glucuronide. Overall, the 119.9 mumol excretion of the chlorogenic acid
metabolites corresponded to 29% of intake, indicating that as well as being
subject to extensive metabolism, chlorogenic acids in coffee are well absorbed.
Pathways for the formation of the various metabolites within the body are
proposed. Urinary dihydrocaffeic acid-3-O-sulfate and feruloylglycine are
potentially very sensitive biomarkers for the consumption of relatively small
amounts of coffee.